安徽医科大学学报

目的 评价仿生超疏水牙科修复树脂材料(BSDRM)的表面性能、力学性能、生物相容性及抑制蛋白/细菌粘附能力。方法 通过对纳米ZrO₂进行氟硅烷(FAS)修饰得到FAS-ZrO₂，将其与纳米SiO₂共同引入由双酚-A双甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(Bis-GMA)、三乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(TEGDMA)、全氟烷基丙烯酸酯(FMA)及光引发体系构成的树脂基体中，制备BSDRM。采用FTIR、XPS、FE-SEM、AFM表征材料化学结构与表面形貌，测定水接触角、滚动角、表面能等润湿性参数，评价维氏硬度、径向拉伸强度及压缩强度等力学性能。通过CCK-8法与细胞染色评价生物相容性，以黏蛋白吸附实验和变形链球菌黏附实验分别评估其抑制蛋白吸附与细菌黏附的性能。结果傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)与X射线光电子能谱(XPS)证实FAS成功接枝于ZrO₂表面；BSDRM表面呈现微-纳米复合粗糙结构，水接触角达152.97°±1.64°，滚动角低至7.37°±1.91°，表面能仅为(1.20±0.26)mN/m。力学测试显示，BSDRM硬度显著高于亲水树脂修复材料与商用窝沟封闭剂(P<0.001)，压缩强度与窝沟封闭剂无显著差异。CCK-8与细胞染色结果显示，BSDRM对L929细胞无细胞毒性，且细胞形态完整。抑制蛋白吸附实验中，BSDRM表面的黏蛋白吸附量最低(P<0.001)；抑制细菌粘附的实验中，BSDRM表面变形链球菌黏附量显著少于对照组(P<0.01)。结论 成功构建了BSDRM，该材料兼具优异的超疏水性能、良好的力学性能、生物相容性及显著的抑制蛋白吸附与细菌粘附能力，有望通过抑制菌斑形成降低龋病发生风险，为龋病防治提供新材料策略。

Objective To evaluate the surface properties， mechanical properties， biocompatibility， and ablity to inhibit protein and bacterial of the biomimetic superhydrophobic dental restorative resin material (BSDRM).Methods Nano ZrO₂ was modified with fluorosilane (FAS) to obtain FAS-ZrO₂， which， together with nano SiO₂， was incorporated into a resin matrix composed of bisphenol A-glycerolate dimethacrylate (Bis-GMA)， triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA)， perfluoroalkyl acrylate (FMA)， and a photoinitiator system to fabricate BSDRM. The chemical structure and surface morphology of the material were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)， X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)， field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Wettability parameters， including water contact angle， sliding angle and surface energy， were measured. Mechanical performance was assessed by Vickers hardness， diametral tensile strength and compressive strength tests. Biocompatibility was evaluated using CCK-8 assays and cell staining. The ability to inhibit protein adsorption and bacterial adhesion were examined by salivary mucin adsorption and Streptococcus mutans adhesion assays， respectively. Results Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed the successful grafting of FAS onto the ZrO₂ surface. BSDRM exhibited a micro/nanoscale hierarchical roughness， with a water contact angle of 152.97° ± 1.64°， a sliding angle of 7.37° ± 1.91°， a surface energy of 1.20 ± 0.26 mN/m. Mechanical testing showed that BSDRM had significantly higher hardness than the hydrophilic resin and the commercial pit-and-fissure sealant， whereas its compressive strength was not significantly different from that of the sealant (P > 0.05). CCK-8 and cell staining results demonstrated that BSDRM was non-cytotoxic to L929 cells and preserved normal cellular morphology. In the protein adsorption assay， BSDRM showed the lowest mucin adsorption among all groups (P < 0.001). In the bacterial adhesion assay， the amount of S. mutans adhering to the BSDRM surface was significantly lower than that in the control groups (P < 0.01). Conclusions BSDRM was successfully developed in this study. The material combines excellent superhydrophobicity， favourable mechanical properties， good biocompatibility， and marked ability to inhibit protein adsorption and bacterial adhesion. By suppressing plaque formation， BSDRM may offer a promising new materials-based strategy for caries prevention.